{"id":29,"date":"2026-04-03T18:24:15","date_gmt":"2026-04-04T01:24:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/?page_id=29"},"modified":"2026-04-03T20:36:48","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T03:36:48","slug":"hiv-medications","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/hiv-medications\/","title":{"rendered":"HIV Medications: All 9 Drug Classes, Recommended Regimens &#038; Cost (2026)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!-- ============================================================\n     kolanahealth.com\/hiv\/hiv-medications\/\n     301 redirect: sunnypharma.info\/hiv-medications\/ \u2192 here\n     Template: Single Custom HTML block \u00b7 Astra blank starter\n     Namespace: .kh \u00b7 --kh- CSS variables\n     Fonts: Source Serif 4 (body) \u00b7 Source Sans 3 (UI)\n     Author: Ray Ashton \u00b7 Reviewer: Dr. Neha Mishra MD\n     Last reviewed: March 2026\n     ============================================================ -->\n\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\n<link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.gstatic.com\" crossorigin>\n<link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Source+Sans+3:wght@400;500;600&#038;family=Source+Serif+4:ital,wght@0,400;0,600;1,400&#038;display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n\n<style>\n\/* === KH CSS Variables === *\/\n:root {\n  --kh-teal:        #0d6e56;\n  --kh-teal-light:  #e6f4f0;\n  --kh-teal-mid:    #1a9b77;\n  --kh-navy:        #1a2b3c;\n  --kh-slate:       #4a5568;\n  --kh-muted:       #718096;\n  --kh-border:      #e2e8f0;\n  --kh-bg-soft:     #f8fafb;\n  --kh-bg-warn:     #fff8e6;\n  --kh-warn-border: #f0b429;\n  --kh-warn-text:   #7d5a00;\n  --kh-font-body:   'Source Serif 4', Georgia, serif;\n  --kh-font-ui:     'Source Sans 3', system-ui, sans-serif;\n  --kh-radius:      6px;\n  --kh-radius-lg:   10px;\n  --kh-max:         780px;\n}\n\n\/* === Reset & Base === *\/\n.kh * { box-sizing: border-box; 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Preferred options include Biktarvy (bictegravir\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir alafenamide), Triumeq (dolutegravir\/abacavir\/lamivudine) for HLA-B*5701 negative patients, and Dovato (dolutegravir\/lamivudine) for certain patients. All three are single-tablet, once-daily regimens. 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Current PrEP options include daily oral pills (Truvada, Descovy) and long-acting injectables (Apretude every two months, Yeztugo every six months).\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"What are long-acting injectable HIV medications?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Long-acting injectables replace daily pills with periodic injections. Cabenuva is given every one or two months for treatment. Apretude is given every two months for PrEP. Yeztugo (lenacapavir) is given twice yearly for PrEP, and Sunlenca (lenacapavir) is used every six months for treatment of drug-resistant HIV.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Can HIV medications cure HIV?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"There is currently no cure for HIV. However, ART can suppress the virus to undetectable levels, meaning it cannot be sexually transmitted (U=U) and the immune system can recover. ART must be taken consistently for life to maintain suppression.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"How much do HIV medications cost?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"List prices range from about $60\/month (generic Truvada) to over $4,500\/month (Cabenuva) depending on the regimen. However, most patients pay far less through insurance, manufacturer copay cards, ADAP, 340B, or patient assistance programs. Many patients pay $0 with available assistance.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"What are the side effects of HIV medications?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Modern INSTI-based regimens are generally well tolerated. 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If you frequently miss doses, discuss strategies or long-acting injectable options with your clinician.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"What is Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U)?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"U=U means people with HIV who maintain an undetectable viral load through ART have effectively no risk of sexually transmitting HIV. This is confirmed by multiple large studies (HPTN 052, PARTNER\/PARTNER2, Opposites Attract) and endorsed by the NIH, CDC, UNAIDS, and over 1,100 organizations in 105 countries.\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Question\",\n      \"name\": \"Are there new HIV medications coming in 2026 and 2027?\",\n      \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n        \"text\": \"Yes. Gilead is seeking approval for a bictegravir\/lenacapavir single-tablet regimen based on positive ARTISTRY trial results, with a potential 2027 launch. ViiV Healthcare's VH-184, a third-generation INSTI with activity against resistant HIV, has Phase 1 data supporting long-acting formulation. Merck's islatravir, a novel NRTTI, is also in development.\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}\n<\/script>\n\n<!-- ============================================================\n     PAGE CONTENT\n     ============================================================ -->\n<div class=\"kh\">\n<div class=\"kh-wrap\">\n\n  <!-- Page title -->\n  <h1 class=\"kh-page-title\">HIV Medications: All 9 Drug Classes, Recommended Regimens &amp; Cost (2026)<\/h1>\n\n  <!-- Byline -->\n  <div class=\"kh-byline\">\n    <div class=\"kh-byline-pair\">\n      <div class=\"kh-avatar kh-avatar-44\" style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dr-Neha-Mishra.jpg');\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Dr. Neha Mishra, MD\"><\/div>\n      <span><span class=\"kh-byline-label\">Medically reviewed by<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/dr-neha-mishra\/\" class=\"kh-byline-name\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Neha Mishra, MD<\/a><\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"kh-byline-sep\">&mdash;<\/span>\n    <div class=\"kh-byline-pair\">\n      <div class=\"kh-avatar kh-avatar-44\" style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Ray-Ashton.jpg');\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Ray Ashton\"><\/div>\n      <span><span class=\"kh-byline-label\">Written by<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/ray-ashton\/\" class=\"kh-byline-name\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ray Ashton<\/a><\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <span class=\"kh-byline-sep\">&mdash;<\/span>\n    <span class=\"kh-byline-label\">Updated <strong>March 2, 2026<\/strong><\/span>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- Disclosure -->\n  <div class=\"kh-disclosure\">\n    This page is for education only and does not sell medication. All recommendations support clinician-led decisions and link to government resources. Kolana Health does not display advertising or contain affiliate links. <a href=\"https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/editorial-policy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read our editorial standards \u2192<\/a>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- Lead -->\n  <p class=\"kh-lead\">HIV is treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) using FDA-approved medications from <strong>nine drug classes<\/strong> recognized by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS): NRTIs, NNRTIs, INSTIs, protease inhibitors, fusion inhibitors, CCR5 antagonists, CD4 post-attachment inhibitors, gp120 attachment inhibitors, and capsid inhibitors. The most commonly recommended first-line regimens in 2026 are <strong>Biktarvy<\/strong>, <strong>Triumeq<\/strong>, and <strong>Dovato<\/strong> \u2014 all single-tablet, once-daily options. Long-acting injectables like <strong>Cabenuva<\/strong> and <strong>Yeztugo<\/strong> now offer alternatives to daily pills for treatment and prevention.<\/p>\n\n  <!-- At-a-glance stats -->\n  <div class=\"kh-stats\">\n    <div class=\"kh-stat\">\n      <div class=\"kh-stat-num\">30+<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-stat-label\">FDA-approved ARV drugs (individual &amp; combo)<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-stat\">\n      <div class=\"kh-stat-num\">9<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-stat-label\">Drug classes + pharmacokinetic enhancers<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-stat\">\n      <div class=\"kh-stat-num\">10+<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-stat-label\">Single-tablet regimens \u2014 one pill, once daily<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-stat\">\n      <div class=\"kh-stat-num\">4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-stat-label\">Injectable options \u2014 monthly to twice-yearly<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <p class=\"kh-source-note\">Sources: <a href=\"https:\/\/hivinfo.nih.gov\/understanding-hiv\/fact-sheets\/fda-approved-hiv-medicines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NIH HIVinfo<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv\/whats-new\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DHHS Guidelines<\/a><\/p>\n\n  <!-- TOC -->\n  <div class=\"kh-toc\">\n    <div class=\"kh-toc-title\">What this guide covers<\/div>\n    <ol>\n      <li><a href=\"#drug-classes\">The nine drug classes \u2014 how they work<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#first-line\">Recommended first-line regimens (DHHS 2025\u20132026)<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#str-table\">Single-tablet regimens comparison<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#long-acting\">Long-acting injectable medications<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#prep\">PrEP medications for HIV prevention<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#side-effects\">Side effects of HIV medications<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#resistance\">Drug resistance \u2014 what it is and how to prevent it<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#interactions\">Drug interactions<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#pregnancy\">HIV medications and pregnancy<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#pipeline\">Pipeline \u2014 new medications in development (2026\u20132027)<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#cost\">Cost comparison and how to get help<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#uu\">Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U)<\/a><\/li>\n      <li><a href=\"#faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/a><\/li>\n    <\/ol>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 1 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"drug-classes\">The nine classes of HIV medications<\/h2>\n  <p>HIV drugs are classified by the step in the viral life cycle they block. The DHHS guidelines recognize nine mechanistic classes of antiretroviral drugs. Understanding these classes helps explain why your regimen combines specific medications and why switching one drug doesn&#8217;t always mean switching the whole regimen.<\/p>\n\n  <!-- Drug class overview table -->\n  <div class=\"kh-table-wrap\">\n    <table class=\"kh-table\">\n      <thead>\n        <tr>\n          <th>Drug class<\/th>\n          <th>Target<\/th>\n          <th>Key drugs<\/th>\n          <th>Typical use<\/th>\n        <\/tr>\n      <\/thead>\n      <tbody>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">NRTIs<\/td><td>Reverse transcriptase (substrate)<\/td><td>TAF, TDF, FTC, 3TC, ABC<\/td><td>Backbone of nearly all regimens<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">NNRTIs<\/td><td>Reverse transcriptase (allosteric)<\/td><td>Doravirine, rilpivirine, efavirenz<\/td><td>Alternative third agent<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">INSTIs<\/td><td>Integrase<\/td><td>Dolutegravir, bictegravir, cabotegravir<\/td><td>Preferred first-line regimens<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Protease inhibitors<\/td><td>Protease<\/td><td>Darunavir (+ ritonavir or cobicistat)<\/td><td>When INSTIs not suitable<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Fusion inhibitors<\/td><td>gp41 \/ cell entry<\/td><td>Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)<\/td><td>Multi-drug-resistant HIV<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">CCR5 antagonists<\/td><td>CCR5 coreceptor<\/td><td>Maraviroc (Selzentry)<\/td><td>CCR5-tropic HIV only<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">CD4 post-attachment inhibitors<\/td><td>CD4\u2013gp120 post-binding<\/td><td>Ibalizumab (Trogarzo)<\/td><td>Multi-drug-resistant HIV<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">gp120 attachment inhibitors<\/td><td>gp120 initial attachment<\/td><td>Fostemsavir (Rukobia)<\/td><td>Multi-drug-resistant HIV<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Capsid inhibitors<\/td><td>HIV capsid protein<\/td><td>Lenacapavir (Sunlenca \/ Yeztugo)<\/td><td>Treatment (MDR-HIV) &amp; PrEP<\/td><\/tr>\n      <\/tbody>\n    <\/table>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- Nine drug class cards -->\n  <div class=\"kh-class-grid\">\n    <div class=\"kh-class-card\">\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-num\">Class 1<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-name\">NRTIs<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-abbr\">Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-drugs\">TAF \u00b7 TDF \u00b7 FTC \u00b7 3TC \u00b7 ABC<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-class-card\">\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-num\">Class 2<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-name\">NNRTIs<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-abbr\">Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-drugs\">Doravirine \u00b7 Rilpivirine \u00b7 Efavirenz<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-class-card\">\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-num\">Class 3<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-name\">INSTIs<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-abbr\">Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-drugs\">Dolutegravir \u00b7 Bictegravir \u00b7 Cabotegravir \u00b7 Raltegravir<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-class-card\">\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-num\">Class 4<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-name\">Protease Inhibitors<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-abbr\">PIs \u2014 boosted with ritonavir or cobicistat<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-drugs\">Darunavir \u00b7 Atazanavir<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-class-card\">\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-num\">Class 5<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-name\">Fusion Inhibitors<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-abbr\">Block HIV from entering CD4 cells<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-drugs\">Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-class-card\">\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-num\">Class 6<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-name\">CCR5 Antagonists<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-abbr\">Block CCR5 coreceptor on CD4 cells<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-drugs\">Maraviroc (Selzentry)<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-class-card\">\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-num\">Class 7<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-name\">CD4 Post-Attachment Inhibitors<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-abbr\">Block HIV after CD4 attachment<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-drugs\">Ibalizumab (Trogarzo)<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-class-card\">\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-num\">Class 8<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-name\">gp120 Attachment Inhibitors<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-abbr\">Block gp120 initial attachment<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-drugs\">Fostemsavir (Rukobia)<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-class-card\">\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-num\">Class 9<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-name\">Capsid Inhibitors<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-abbr\">Newest class \u2014 targets HIV capsid protein<\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-class-card-drugs\">Lenacapavir (Sunlenca \u00b7 Yeztugo)<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <h3>NRTIs \u2014 Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors<\/h3>\n  <p>NRTIs provide defective building blocks that HIV needs to copy its genetic material. When the virus incorporates these faulty building blocks, it cannot finish making copies of itself. NRTIs form the backbone of nearly all HIV treatment regimens and were the first class of HIV drugs developed. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/hivinfo.nih.gov\/understanding-hiv\/fact-sheets\/fda-approved-hiv-medicines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NIH HIVinfo<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>NNRTIs \u2014 Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors<\/h3>\n  <p>NNRTIs target the same enzyme as NRTIs (reverse transcriptase) but work differently \u2014 they bind directly to the enzyme and change its shape so it can no longer function. Both classes target reverse transcriptase, but NRTIs act as faulty building blocks the enzyme incorporates, while NNRTIs bind directly and disable it. Compared to older NNRTIs like efavirenz, doravirine has fewer neuropsychiatric side effects and a more favorable drug interaction profile.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>INSTIs \u2014 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors<\/h3>\n  <p>INSTIs block the integrase enzyme HIV uses to insert its genetic code into human DNA. They are the cornerstone of modern HIV treatment and recommended as part of all preferred initial regimens in current DHHS guidelines. INSTIs are preferred because they combine high efficacy (over 90% viral suppression at 48 weeks in clinical trials), a high genetic barrier to resistance, fewer drug interactions than older classes, and a generally favorable side-effect profile. Current INSTIs: dolutegravir (DTG), bictegravir (BIC), cabotegravir (CAB), raltegravir (RAL), elvitegravir (EVG). Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv\/whats-new\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DHHS Guidelines<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Protease Inhibitors<\/h3>\n  <p>PIs block the protease enzyme, which HIV needs to cut long protein chains into smaller pieces required to assemble new virus particles. Without functional protease, the virus produces immature, non-infectious copies. PIs are typically used with a pharmacokinetic enhancer (ritonavir or cobicistat) to boost their levels in the body. WHO&#8217;s 2026 updated guidelines confirm darunavir\/ritonavir as the preferred PI when a PI-based regimen is needed. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/07-01-2026-who-releases-updated-recommendations-on-hiv-clinical-management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WHO, January 2026<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Fusion Inhibitors<\/h3>\n  <p>Fusion inhibitors work outside the cell by blocking HIV from physically fusing with and entering CD4 cells. They are used for treatment-experienced patients with multi-drug-resistant HIV. Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) is the only approved drug in this class and requires twice-daily subcutaneous injection.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>CCR5 Antagonists<\/h3>\n  <p>CCR5 antagonists block the CCR5 coreceptor on the surface of CD4 cells, which some strains of HIV need to enter the cell. Maraviroc (Selzentry) is the only approved CCR5 antagonist. Before prescribing maraviroc, clinicians must perform a tropism test to confirm the patient&#8217;s HIV uses the CCR5 coreceptor \u2014 not the CXCR4 coreceptor or both. This class is used in specific clinical situations, not routine first-line treatment.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>CD4 Post-Attachment Inhibitors<\/h3>\n  <p>CD4 post-attachment inhibitors block HIV after it has attached to the CD4 receptor but before it can enter the cell. Ibalizumab-uiyk (Trogarzo) is the only approved drug in this class. It is a monoclonal antibody administered by intravenous infusion every two weeks, indicated for heavily treatment-experienced adults with multi-drug-resistant HIV who are failing their current regimen. FDA-approved in 2018.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>gp120 Attachment Inhibitors<\/h3>\n  <p>gp120 attachment inhibitors bind to the gp120 protein on the outer surface of HIV, preventing the virus from initially attaching to CD4 cells. Fostemsavir (Rukobia) is the only approved drug in this class \u2014 an oral medication taken twice daily, indicated for heavily treatment-experienced adults with multi-drug-resistant HIV. FDA-approved in 2020.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Capsid Inhibitors<\/h3>\n  <p>Capsid inhibitors are the newest class of HIV drugs. They target the protein shell (capsid) that protects HIV&#8217;s genetic material. The first and only approved capsid inhibitor is <strong>lenacapavir<\/strong> (Sunlenca for treatment, Yeztugo for PrEP), developed by Gilead Sciences. Lenacapavir is unique because it interferes with multiple stages of the viral life cycle and has an extremely long half-life, enabling dosing as infrequently as every six months. Yeztugo was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gilead.com\/news\/news-details\/2025\/yeztugo-lenacapavir-is-now-the-first-and-only-fda-approved-hiv-prevention-option-offering-6-months-of-protection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FDA-approved in June 2025<\/a> as a twice-yearly injectable PrEP option.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-callout\">\n    <strong>Why &#8220;nine&#8221; drug classes?<\/strong> Some sources list eight classes by grouping CD4 post-attachment inhibitors (ibalizumab) and gp120 attachment inhibitors (fostemsavir) together. Kolana Health counts them separately because they have distinct mechanisms of action and different FDA-approved indications. Older sources may list six or seven classes because capsid inhibitors and attachment inhibitors were approved more recently.\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 2 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"first-line\">Recommended first-line regimens (DHHS 2025\u20132026)<\/h2>\n  <p>The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) maintains the authoritative <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv\/whats-new\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescents with HIV<\/a>, updated regularly based on new evidence. Current guidelines recommend the following INSTI-based regimens for most people starting HIV treatment for the first time.<\/p>\n\n  <h4>Recommended initial regimens for most people<\/h4>\n  <ul class=\"kh-list\">\n    <li><span class=\"kh-list-drug\">Biktarvy<\/span> (bictegravir + emtricitabine + tenofovir alafenamide) \u2014 one tablet, once daily, with or without food. The most prescribed HIV treatment in the U.S. as of 2026; high barrier to resistance and favorable tolerability.<\/li>\n    <li><span class=\"kh-list-drug\">Triumeq<\/span> (dolutegravir + abacavir + lamivudine) \u2014 one tablet, once daily; requires negative HLA-B*5701 test before starting. Not recommended for patients with hepatitis B coinfection.<\/li>\n    <li><span class=\"kh-list-drug\">Dovato<\/span> (dolutegravir + lamivudine) \u2014 one tablet, once daily; a two-drug regimen suitable for patients with HIV RNA below 500,000 copies\/mL and no hepatitis B coinfection. Uses fewer drugs than traditional three-drug regimens.<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <h4>Other recommended regimens for certain situations<\/h4>\n  <ul class=\"kh-list\">\n    <li><span class=\"kh-list-drug\">Cabenuva<\/span> (cabotegravir + rilpivirine, injectable) \u2014 for virologically suppressed patients who prefer injections every one or two months instead of daily pills<\/li>\n    <li><span class=\"kh-list-drug\">Delstrigo<\/span> (doravirine + lamivudine + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) \u2014 an NNRTI-based option when INSTIs cannot be used<\/li>\n    <li><span class=\"kh-list-drug\">Symtuza<\/span> (darunavir + cobicistat + emtricitabine + tenofovir alafenamide) \u2014 a PI-based option for situations where INSTIs and NNRTIs are not appropriate<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-callout\">\n    <strong>Regimen choice is individualized.<\/strong> These guidelines provide a starting point, but your clinician will consider your viral load, CD4 count, resistance testing results, HLA-B*5701 status, hepatitis B status, kidney and bone health, other medications, pregnancy status, and personal preferences. Do not change or stop your regimen without consulting your clinician.\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 3 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"str-table\">Single-tablet regimens \u2014 comparison table<\/h2>\n  <p>Single-tablet regimens (STRs) combine two or three HIV drugs from one or more classes into a single pill. They are preferred by most guidelines because of improved adherence. The following table compares the major STRs available in the U.S. as of 2026.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-table-wrap\">\n    <table class=\"kh-table\">\n      <thead>\n        <tr>\n          <th>Brand name<\/th>\n          <th>Active ingredients<\/th>\n          <th>Drug classes<\/th>\n          <th>Dosing<\/th>\n          <th>Key notes<\/th>\n        <\/tr>\n      <\/thead>\n      <tbody>\n        <tr>\n          <td class=\"kh-drug\">Biktarvy<\/td>\n          <td>BIC \/ FTC \/ TAF<\/td>\n          <td><span class=\"kh-tag\">INSTI<\/span> <span class=\"kh-tag\">NRTI<\/span><\/td>\n          <td>Once daily<\/td>\n          <td>Most prescribed; no food requirement; high barrier to resistance<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td class=\"kh-drug\">Triumeq<\/td>\n          <td>DTG \/ ABC \/ 3TC<\/td>\n          <td><span class=\"kh-tag\">INSTI<\/span> <span class=\"kh-tag\">NRTI<\/span><\/td>\n          <td>Once daily<\/td>\n          <td>Requires HLA-B*5701 negative; avoid with hepatitis B<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td class=\"kh-drug\">Dovato<\/td>\n          <td>DTG \/ 3TC<\/td>\n          <td><span class=\"kh-tag\">INSTI<\/span> <span class=\"kh-tag\">NRTI<\/span><\/td>\n          <td>Once daily<\/td>\n          <td>Two-drug regimen; not for HBV coinfection or VL &gt;500K<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td class=\"kh-drug\">Delstrigo<\/td>\n          <td>DOR \/ 3TC \/ TDF<\/td>\n          <td><span class=\"kh-tag\">NNRTI<\/span> <span class=\"kh-tag\">NRTI<\/span><\/td>\n          <td>Once daily<\/td>\n          <td>NNRTI-based alternative; fewer drug interactions than EFV<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td class=\"kh-drug\">Symtuza<\/td>\n          <td>DRV \/ COBI \/ FTC \/ TAF<\/td>\n          <td><span class=\"kh-tag\">PI<\/span> <span class=\"kh-tag\">NRTI<\/span><\/td>\n          <td>Once daily with food<\/td>\n          <td>PI-based; used when INSTIs not suitable; take with food<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td class=\"kh-drug\">Odefsey<\/td>\n          <td>RPV \/ FTC \/ TAF<\/td>\n          <td><span class=\"kh-tag\">NNRTI<\/span> <span class=\"kh-tag\">NRTI<\/span><\/td>\n          <td>Once daily with food<\/td>\n          <td>For VL &lt;100K; requires meal; fewer side effects<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td class=\"kh-drug\">Juluca<\/td>\n          <td>DTG \/ RPV<\/td>\n          <td><span class=\"kh-tag\">INSTI<\/span> <span class=\"kh-tag\">NNRTI<\/span><\/td>\n          <td>Once daily with food<\/td>\n          <td>Two-drug; for virologically suppressed only<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td class=\"kh-drug\">Genvoya<\/td>\n          <td>EVG \/ COBI \/ FTC \/ TAF<\/td>\n          <td><span class=\"kh-tag\">INSTI<\/span> <span class=\"kh-tag\">NRTI<\/span><\/td>\n          <td>Once daily with food<\/td>\n          <td>TAF version of Stribild; improved renal\/bone profile<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td class=\"kh-drug\">Stribild<\/td>\n          <td>EVG \/ COBI \/ FTC \/ TDF<\/td>\n          <td><span class=\"kh-tag\">INSTI<\/span> <span class=\"kh-tag\">NRTI<\/span><\/td>\n          <td>Once daily with food<\/td>\n          <td>Older; lower resistance barrier than BIC\/DTG<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n      <\/tbody>\n    <\/table>\n  <\/div>\n  <p class=\"kh-table-caption\">Abbreviations: BIC = bictegravir \u00b7 DTG = dolutegravir \u00b7 EVG = elvitegravir \u00b7 DOR = doravirine \u00b7 RPV = rilpivirine \u00b7 DRV = darunavir \u00b7 COBI = cobicistat \u00b7 FTC = emtricitabine \u00b7 3TC = lamivudine \u00b7 ABC = abacavir \u00b7 TAF = tenofovir alafenamide \u00b7 TDF = tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Sources: <a href=\"https:\/\/hivinfo.nih.gov\/understanding-hiv\/fact-sheets\/fda-approved-hiv-medicines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NIH HIVinfo<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv\/whats-new\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DHHS Guidelines<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 4 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"long-acting\">Long-acting injectable HIV medications<\/h2>\n  <p>Long-acting injectables represent one of the most significant advances in HIV medicine, offering alternatives to daily pills for both treatment and prevention.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-table-wrap\">\n    <table class=\"kh-table\">\n      <thead>\n        <tr><th>Drug<\/th><th>Use<\/th><th>Route<\/th><th>Frequency<\/th><th>Key requirement<\/th><\/tr>\n      <\/thead>\n      <tbody>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Cabenuva<\/td><td>Treatment<\/td><td>IM injection<\/td><td>Monthly or every 2 months<\/td><td>Must be virologically suppressed first<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Sunlenca<\/td><td>Treatment (MDR-HIV)<\/td><td>SC injection<\/td><td>Every 6 months<\/td><td>Multi-drug-resistant HIV only<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Apretude<\/td><td>PrEP<\/td><td>IM injection<\/td><td>Every 2 months<\/td><td>Oral lead-in period recommended<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Yeztugo<\/td><td>PrEP<\/td><td>SC injection<\/td><td>Every 6 months<\/td><td>FDA-approved June 2025<\/td><\/tr>\n      <\/tbody>\n    <\/table>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <h3>For treatment<\/h3>\n  <p><strong>Cabenuva<\/strong> (cabotegravir + rilpivirine, injectable) is the only FDA-approved long-acting injectable for HIV treatment. It is administered as two intramuscular injections by a healthcare provider every one or two months. Cabenuva is approved for adults who are already virologically suppressed on a stable oral regimen and have no history of treatment failure or resistance to cabotegravir or rilpivirine.<\/p>\n  <p><strong>Sunlenca<\/strong> (lenacapavir, injectable) is the first capsid inhibitor approved for treatment, given as a subcutaneous injection every six months combined with other antiretrovirals. Sunlenca is specifically indicated for heavily treatment-experienced adults with multi-drug-resistant HIV.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>For prevention (PrEP)<\/h3>\n  <p><strong>Yeztugo<\/strong> (lenacapavir, injectable) was approved by the FDA in June 2025 for HIV prevention (PrEP). It provides near-complete protection with just two injections per year, based on the landmark PURPOSE 1 and PURPOSE 2 clinical trials. Lenacapavir PrEP was named Science magazine&#8217;s 2024 Breakthrough of the Year. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gilead.com\/news\/news-details\/2025\/yeztugo-lenacapavir-is-now-the-first-and-only-fda-approved-hiv-prevention-option-offering-6-months-of-protection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gilead\/FDA<\/a>.<\/p>\n  <p><strong>Apretude<\/strong> (cabotegravir, injectable) is a bimonthly injectable PrEP option, requiring an injection every two months administered by a healthcare provider following an initial oral lead-in period.<\/p>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 5 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"prep\">Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) \u2014 medications for HIV prevention<\/h2>\n  <p>PrEP is medication taken by HIV-negative individuals to prevent HIV infection. When taken as prescribed, PrEP is highly effective. As of 2026, PrEP is recommended by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hivnexus\/hcp\/guidelines\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CDC<\/a> for anyone at substantial risk of HIV acquisition.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-table-wrap\">\n    <table class=\"kh-table\">\n      <thead>\n        <tr><th>Brand name<\/th><th>Drug<\/th><th>Route<\/th><th>Dosing<\/th><th>Key notes<\/th><\/tr>\n      <\/thead>\n      <tbody>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Truvada<\/td><td>FTC \/ TDF<\/td><td>Oral<\/td><td>Daily pill<\/td><td>First approved PrEP (2012); generic available; approved for all adults and adolescents at risk<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Descovy<\/td><td>FTC \/ TAF<\/td><td>Oral<\/td><td>Daily pill<\/td><td>Improved kidney\/bone profile vs. Truvada; not studied in receptive vaginal sex<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Apretude<\/td><td>Cabotegravir<\/td><td>Injectable<\/td><td>Every 2 months<\/td><td>First injectable PrEP; oral lead-in recommended; requires clinic visits<\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Yeztugo<\/td><td>Lenacapavir<\/td><td>Injectable<\/td><td>Every 6 months<\/td><td>Newest PrEP; near-100% efficacy in trials; ~$28,200\/year list price<\/td><\/tr>\n      <\/tbody>\n    <\/table>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-callout\">\n    PrEP is available to anyone at risk of HIV. In the U.S., the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/federal-response\/ending-the-hiv-epidemic\/prep-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ready, Set, PrEP<\/a> program provides PrEP at no cost to people without insurance or whose insurance does not cover it.\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 6 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"side-effects\">Side effects of HIV medications<\/h2>\n  <p>Modern HIV medications are generally well tolerated, especially compared to earlier-generation drugs. However, all medications have potential side effects, and your clinician will monitor for specific concerns based on your regimen.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Common short-term side effects<\/h3>\n  <p>When starting a new HIV regimen, some people experience initial side effects that typically resolve within the first two to six weeks. These may include nausea, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, dizziness, and difficulty sleeping. INSTI-based regimens (Biktarvy, Triumeq, Dovato) generally have the fewest side effects among current first-line options, which is one reason they are preferred by guidelines. If side effects persist beyond several weeks or are severe, talk to your clinician \u2014 a regimen change may be possible.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Weight gain and metabolic changes<\/h3>\n  <p>Weight gain has emerged as one of the most discussed concerns in HIV treatment. Clinical data suggest that newer INSTI-based regimens \u2014 particularly those combining dolutegravir or bictegravir with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) \u2014 are associated with greater weight gain than older regimens. This effect may disproportionately affect women and Black patients.<\/p>\n  <p>The DHHS guidelines include a dedicated section on this topic, noting that while the mechanism is not fully understood, contributing factors may include return to health after HIV suppression, effects of specific drugs on metabolic pathways, and the switch away from older agents like tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Your clinician should monitor weight and metabolic markers (blood sugar, cholesterol) at regular intervals. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv\/whats-new\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DHHS Guidelines<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Long-term monitoring<\/h3>\n  <p>HIV medications require ongoing monitoring to ensure safety over years and decades of use. Your clinician will regularly check kidney function (especially with TDF-containing regimens), bone mineral density (particularly in postmenopausal women and older adults), liver function, lipid profiles, and blood glucose levels.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-callout\">\n    <strong>Important context:<\/strong> While side effects are a valid concern, the benefits of HIV treatment far outweigh the risks for virtually all patients. Untreated HIV leads to immune system destruction, opportunistic infections, and death. Modern ART enables near-normal life expectancy when taken consistently.\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 7 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"resistance\">Drug resistance \u2014 what it is and how to prevent it<\/h2>\n  <p>Drug resistance occurs when HIV mutates in ways that allow it to replicate even in the presence of antiretroviral medications. Resistance is one of the most important considerations in HIV treatment because it can limit future treatment options.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>How resistance develops<\/h3>\n  <p>Resistance typically develops when drug levels in the body are too low to fully suppress the virus but high enough to exert selective pressure \u2014 creating an environment where resistant mutations have an advantage. The most common cause is inconsistent adherence (missing doses), but resistance can also develop from suboptimal drug regimens, drug interactions that lower medication levels, or transmission of already-resistant virus from another person.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Resistance barrier and regimen choice<\/h3>\n  <p>Different drugs have different barriers to resistance. Drugs with a high barrier to resistance require multiple mutations to become ineffective, making resistance harder to develop. This is one reason current guidelines prefer INSTIs like dolutegravir and bictegravir. Older INSTIs like raltegravir and elvitegravir have a lower resistance barrier. Protease inhibitors boosted with ritonavir or cobicistat also have a high barrier to resistance.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Resistance testing<\/h3>\n  <p>The DHHS guidelines recommend resistance testing for all patients before starting treatment and when treatment failure occurs. Genotypic resistance testing identifies specific mutations in HIV that predict reduced susceptibility to certain drugs. This helps clinicians select an effective regimen and avoid drugs that will not work against your specific virus. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv\/whats-new\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DHHS Guidelines<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Adherence \u2014 the best prevention for resistance<\/h3>\n  <p>Taking your medication consistently \u2014 every dose, every day, on time \u2014 is the single most important thing you can do to prevent drug resistance. Strategies that may help include using a pill organizer, setting phone reminders, building medication into a daily routine, choosing a regimen that fits your lifestyle, and discussing long-acting injectable options like Cabenuva if daily pills are a barrier. If you are struggling with adherence, tell your clinician \u2014 there is no judgment, and there are solutions.<\/p>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 8 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"interactions\">Drug interactions<\/h2>\n  <p>HIV medications can interact with other prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, supplements, and some foods. Drug interactions can reduce the effectiveness of your HIV treatment, increase side effects, or affect the levels of your other medications. Common categories of interactions include antacids and acid reducers (which can reduce absorption of rilpivirine and some INSTIs), certain antibiotics and antifungals, cholesterol-lowering statins, hormonal contraceptives, and herbal supplements like St. John&#8217;s wort (which can dramatically reduce levels of many HIV drugs).<\/p>\n  <p>Before starting any new medication, supplement, or herbal product, always tell your clinician and pharmacist that you take HIV medications. The DHHS maintains a comprehensive, searchable <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/drugs\/drug-interactions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">drug interaction database<\/a> at ClinicalInfo.HIV.gov. The University of Liverpool also provides a widely used <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiv-druginteractions.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HIV drug interaction checker<\/a> available for free online.<\/p>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 9 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"pregnancy\">HIV medications and pregnancy<\/h2>\n  <p>Antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy is essential to protect both the parent and the baby. With proper treatment, the risk of perinatal HIV transmission can be reduced to less than 1%. However, regimen choice may change during pregnancy. The DHHS maintains separate <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/perinatal\/whats-new\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perinatal Guidelines<\/a> that address which medications are preferred, which should be avoided, and how dosing may need to be adjusted.<\/p>\n  <p>Dolutegravir-based regimens are currently recommended as preferred options during pregnancy based on extensive safety data. Earlier concerns about a possible association between dolutegravir and neural tube defects (from the Tsepamo study in Botswana) have been substantially mitigated by larger studies showing a very small absolute risk. Bictegravir has less pregnancy safety data, and some regimen adjustments may be needed. If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, discuss your HIV treatment with your clinician as soon as possible.<\/p>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 10 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"pipeline\">Pipeline \u2014 new HIV medications in development (2026\u20132027)<\/h2>\n  <p>Several important new HIV medications and formulations are in late-stage clinical development. While none are yet approved, they represent the next generation of treatment and prevention.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-pipeline\">\n    <div class=\"kh-pipeline-head\">\n      <div>\n        <div class=\"kh-pipeline-drug\">Bictegravir\/Lenacapavir (BIC\/LEN)<\/div>\n        <div class=\"kh-pipeline-co\">Gilead Sciences<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-pipeline-phase\">Phase 3 complete<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-pipeline-body\">A once-daily single-tablet regimen combining bictegravir (the INSTI in Biktarvy) with lenacapavir (the capsid inhibitor). Phase 3 ARTISTRY-1 and ARTISTRY-2 trial results presented at CROI 2026 showed BIC\/LEN maintained virological suppression in patients switching from complex regimens or from Biktarvy. A regulatory filing is expected, with a potential 2027 launch. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gilead.com\/news\/news-details\/2026\/gileads-single-tablet-regimen-of-bictegravir-and-lenacapavir-maintained-virological-suppression-in-people-with-hiv-who-switched-antiretroviral-therapy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gilead press release<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.croiconference.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CROI 2026<\/a>.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-pipeline\">\n    <div class=\"kh-pipeline-head\">\n      <div>\n        <div class=\"kh-pipeline-drug\">Islatravir<\/div>\n        <div class=\"kh-pipeline-co\">Merck \u2014 novel NRTTI (new mechanism)<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-pipeline-phase\">Phase 3<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-pipeline-body\">A nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor with an extremely long intracellular half-life, enabling weekly oral dosing or long-acting implant formulations. Phase 3 trials showed participants switching to once-daily islatravir\/doravirine maintained an undetectable viral load for 48 weeks. Earlier development was slowed by dose-related lymphocyte count declines, but lower doses resolved this issue. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sfaf.org\/collections\/beta\/as-2026-gets-underway-whats-in-the-pipeline-for-hiv-prevention-and-treatment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SFAF Pipeline Review, Jan 2026<\/a>.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-pipeline\">\n    <div class=\"kh-pipeline-head\">\n      <div>\n        <div class=\"kh-pipeline-drug\">VH-184 &amp; VH-499<\/div>\n        <div class=\"kh-pipeline-co\">ViiV Healthcare<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-pipeline-phase\">Phase 1<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-pipeline-body\">VH-184 is a third-generation integrase inhibitor with activity against HIV strains resistant to dolutegravir and bictegravir, with Phase 1 data at CROI 2026 supporting twice-yearly dosing. VH-499 is an investigational capsid inhibitor also being developed as a long-acting injectable. Having a second capsid inhibitor in development is significant as it could provide an alternative for patients who develop resistance to lenacapavir.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-pipeline\">\n    <div class=\"kh-pipeline-head\">\n      <div>\n        <div class=\"kh-pipeline-drug\">Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (bNAbs)<\/div>\n        <div class=\"kh-pipeline-co\">Multiple groups \u2014 NIAID\/NIH<\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"kh-pipeline-phase\">Early\u2013mid stage<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-pipeline-body\">Immune proteins that can recognize and neutralize a wide range of HIV variants, administered by infusion or injection. While still largely in early to mid-stage trials, bNAbs represent a fundamentally different approach and could eventually complement or partially replace traditional antiretrovirals. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NIAID\/NIH<\/a>.<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-callout\">\n    <strong>2026 guideline update:<\/strong> In January 2026, the World Health Organization updated its HIV clinical management recommendations, confirming dolutegravir-based regimens as the global preferred option and recommending darunavir\/ritonavir as the preferred protease inhibitor when a PI is needed. WHO also endorsed long-acting injectable ART in specific clinical circumstances. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/07-01-2026-who-releases-updated-recommendations-on-hiv-clinical-management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WHO, January 7, 2026<\/a>.\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 11 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"cost\">HIV medication cost and how to get help<\/h2>\n  <p>HIV medication list prices in the U.S. are among the highest in the world. However, what patients actually pay varies enormously based on insurance coverage, assistance programs, and pharmacy. The table below shows approximate list prices for reference \u2014 most patients pay significantly less.<\/p>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-alert\">\n    <strong>March 2026 \u2014 Florida ADAP emergency cuts:<\/strong> On February 25, 2026, Florida issued an emergency rule slashing ADAP eligibility from 400% to 130% of the federal poverty level and removing Biktarvy from the state formulary, effective March 1, 2026. An estimated 16,000 Floridians may lose access to medication. If you are affected, contact your Ryan White clinic immediately, apply for manufacturer patient assistance programs (see table below), and contact <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nastad.org\/adap-watch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASTAD<\/a> for state-by-state guidance.\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-table-wrap\">\n    <table class=\"kh-table\">\n      <thead>\n        <tr><th>Medication<\/th><th>List price (WAC\/month)<\/th><th>With copay card<\/th><th>Manufacturer assistance<\/th><\/tr>\n      <\/thead>\n      <tbody>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/hiv\/biktarvy-cost\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Biktarvy<\/a><\/td><td>~$4,216<\/td><td>$0\u2013$5<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gileadadvancingaccess.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gilead Advancing Access<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Triumeq<\/td><td>~$3,600<\/td><td>$0<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viivhealthcare.com\/en-us\/patient-support\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ViiV Patient Support<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Dovato<\/td><td>~$2,400<\/td><td>$0<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viivhealthcare.com\/en-us\/patient-support\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ViiV Patient Support<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Cabenuva<\/td><td>~$4,500<\/td><td>$0<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.viivhealthcare.com\/en-us\/patient-support\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ViiV Patient Support<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Delstrigo<\/td><td>~$2,200<\/td><td>$0<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.merckhelps.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Merck Helps<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Symtuza<\/td><td>~$4,400<\/td><td>$0\u2013$5<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.janssenprescriptionassistance.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Janssen CarePath<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Truvada (generic)<\/td><td>~$60\u2013$100<\/td><td>N\/A<\/td><td>Generic available \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/federal-response\/ending-the-hiv-epidemic\/prep-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ready, Set, PrEP<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n        <tr><td class=\"kh-drug\">Yeztugo (PrEP)<\/td><td>~$2,350<\/td><td>$0<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gileadadvancingaccess.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gilead Advancing Access<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n      <\/tbody>\n    <\/table>\n  <\/div>\n  <p class=\"kh-table-caption\">Prices are approximate WAC (wholesale acquisition cost) per 30-day supply as of early 2026. Copay card amounts apply to commercially insured patients only \u2014 not Medicare, Medicaid, or other government insurance. In January 2026, CMS selected Biktarvy for Medicare price negotiations under the Inflation Reduction Act \u2014 the first HIV medication ever chosen. A negotiated Maximum Fair Price is expected January 1, 2028 for Medicare Part D beneficiaries. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.positivelyaware.com\/articles\/biktarvy-among-15-drugs-facing-medicare-price-negotiations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Positively Aware<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n  <h3>Cost assistance programs<\/h3>\n  <p>Most people living with HIV do not pay the full listed price. The following programs can significantly reduce or eliminate out-of-pocket costs.<\/p>\n  <ul class=\"kh-assist-list\">\n    <li><strong>Manufacturer copay cards and PAPs<\/strong> \u2014 Gilead, ViiV, Merck, and Janssen all offer copay assistance for commercially insured patients and free medication for qualifying uninsured patients (see links in table above)<\/li>\n    <li><strong>Ryan White HIV\/AIDS Program \/ ADAP<\/strong> \u2014 federally funded safety net providing medications and medical care; find your state program at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nastad.org\/adap-watch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASTAD<\/a> or locate a clinic at <a href=\"https:\/\/findhivcare.hrsa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">findhivcare.hrsa.gov<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><strong>340B Drug Pricing Program<\/strong> \u2014 certain safety-net providers receive discounted drug prices; ask your clinic if they participate. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrsa.gov\/opa\/eligibility-and-registration\/340b-opais\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HRSA 340B Program<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><strong>Nonprofit copay foundations<\/strong> \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.patientadvocate.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Patient Advocate Foundation<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.panfoundation.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PAN Foundation<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthwellfoundation.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HealthWell Foundation<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><strong>Ready, Set, PrEP<\/strong> \u2014 free PrEP for uninsured individuals at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/federal-response\/ending-the-hiv-epidemic\/prep-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HIV.gov<\/a><\/li>\n    <li><strong>Medicare Extra Help (Low-Income Subsidy)<\/strong> \u2014 reduces Part D costs for qualifying beneficiaries at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ssa.gov\/medicare\/part-d-extra-help\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SSA.gov<\/a><\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 12 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"uu\">Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U)<\/h2>\n  <p>One of the most important messages in HIV medicine today is <strong>U=U: Undetectable = Untransmittable<\/strong>. This means that people living with HIV who take antiretroviral therapy and achieve and maintain an undetectable viral load (fewer than 200 copies\/mL) have effectively no risk of sexually transmitting HIV to their partners.<\/p>\n  <p>U=U is supported by rigorous scientific evidence from three landmark studies \u2014 HPTN 052, PARTNER\/PARTNER2, and Opposites Attract \u2014 that collectively observed zero linked HIV transmissions from virally suppressed partners across tens of thousands of sexual encounters. U=U is endorsed by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NIH<\/a>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CDC<\/a>, and over 1,100 organizations in 105 countries.<\/p>\n  <p>This concept underscores why early treatment initiation and consistent adherence matter not only for individual health but also for prevention at the community level. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/diseases-conditions\/treatment-prevention\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NIAID Treatment as Prevention<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n  <!-- ==================== SECTION 13 ==================== -->\n  <h2 id=\"faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n\n  <div class=\"kh-faq\">\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        What are the recommended first-line HIV medications in 2026?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">The DHHS guidelines recommend INSTI-based regimens for most people starting treatment. Preferred options include Biktarvy (bictegravir\/emtricitabine\/tenofovir alafenamide), Triumeq (dolutegravir\/abacavir\/lamivudine) for HLA-B*5701 negative patients, and Dovato (dolutegravir\/lamivudine) for certain patients. All three are single-tablet, once-daily regimens. Cabenuva is recommended for virologically suppressed patients who prefer injectable treatment.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        How many classes of HIV drugs are there?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">There are nine FDA-recognized classes: NRTIs, NNRTIs, INSTIs, protease inhibitors, fusion inhibitors, CCR5 antagonists, CD4 post-attachment inhibitors (ibalizumab\/Trogarzo), gp120 attachment inhibitors (fostemsavir\/Rukobia), and capsid inhibitors (lenacapavir). Most treatment regimens combine drugs from two or three classes.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        What is the difference between HIV treatment and PrEP?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">HIV treatment (ART) is for people living with HIV \u2014 it suppresses the virus to undetectable levels. PrEP is for HIV-negative people at risk \u2014 it prevents infection. Current PrEP options include daily oral pills (Truvada, Descovy) and long-acting injectables (Apretude every two months, Yeztugo every six months).<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        What are long-acting injectable HIV medications?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">Long-acting injectables replace daily pills with periodic injections. Cabenuva is given every one or two months for treatment. Apretude is given every two months for PrEP. Yeztugo (lenacapavir) is given twice yearly for PrEP, and Sunlenca (lenacapavir) is used every six months for treatment of drug-resistant HIV.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        Can HIV medications cure HIV?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">There is currently no cure for HIV. However, ART can suppress the virus to undetectable levels, meaning it cannot be sexually transmitted (U=U) and the immune system can recover. ART must be taken consistently for life to maintain suppression. Researchers are investigating functional cures including broadly neutralizing antibodies and gene therapies.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        How much do HIV medications cost?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">List prices range from about $60\/month (generic Truvada) to over $4,500\/month (Cabenuva) depending on the regimen. However, most patients pay far less through insurance, manufacturer copay cards, ADAP, 340B, or patient assistance programs. Many patients pay $0 with available assistance. In January 2026, CMS selected Biktarvy for Medicare price negotiations, with a negotiated price effective in 2028.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        What are the side effects of HIV medications?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">Modern INSTI-based regimens are generally well tolerated. Common early side effects may include nausea, headache, and fatigue, which often resolve within weeks. Weight gain has been associated with newer regimens, particularly those combining dolutegravir or bictegravir with TAF. Your clinician will monitor for specific concerns including kidney function, bone density, weight, and metabolic markers.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        What happens if you miss a dose of HIV medication?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it&#8217;s close to your next dose. Don&#8217;t double up. Occasional missed doses are unlikely to cause immediate harm, but consistent adherence prevents drug resistance. If you frequently miss doses, discuss strategies or long-acting injectable options with your clinician.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        What is Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U)?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">U=U means people with HIV who maintain an undetectable viral load through ART have effectively no risk of sexually transmitting HIV. This is confirmed by the HPTN 052, PARTNER\/PARTNER2, and Opposites Attract studies and is endorsed by the NIH, CDC, UNAIDS, and over 1,100 organizations in 105 countries.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"kh-faq-item\">\n      <button class=\"kh-faq-q\" onclick=\"khToggleFaq(this)\">\n        Are there new HIV medications coming in 2026 and 2027?\n        <span class=\"kh-faq-icon\">+<\/span>\n      <\/button>\n      <div class=\"kh-faq-a\">Yes. Gilead is seeking approval for a bictegravir\/lenacapavir single-tablet regimen based on positive ARTISTRY trial results, with a potential 2027 launch. ViiV Healthcare&#8217;s VH-184, a third-generation INSTI with activity against resistant HIV, has Phase 1 data supporting long-acting formulation. Merck&#8217;s islatravir, a novel NRTTI, is also in development.<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- Authoritative Resources -->\n  <h2 id=\"resources\">Authoritative resources<\/h2>\n  <ul class=\"kh-resource-list\">\n    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/hivinfo.nih.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HIVinfo.NIH.gov<\/a> \u2014 NIH&#8217;s patient-facing HIV information, drug database, and fact sheets<\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ClinicalInfo.HIV.gov<\/a> \u2014 HHS treatment guidelines, drug interaction database, and clinical resources<\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/drugs\/drug-interactions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DHHS Drug Interaction Database<\/a> \u2014 searchable tool for checking HIV drug interactions<\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiv-druginteractions.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Liverpool HIV Drug Interaction Checker<\/a> \u2014 University of Liverpool&#8217;s comprehensive interaction tool<\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hivnexus\/hcp\/guidelines\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CDC HIV Nexus<\/a> \u2014 CDC guidelines for screening, prevention, and care<\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HIV.gov<\/a> \u2014 Federal HIV resources, testing locator, and PrEP program information<\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/findhivcare.hrsa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Find HIV Care (HRSA)<\/a> \u2014 locate Ryan White clinics and testing sites<\/li>\n    <li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nastad.org\/adap-watch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASTAD ADAP Watch<\/a> \u2014 state-by-state ADAP access and eligibility tracking<\/li>\n  <\/ul>\n\n  <!-- References -->\n  <div class=\"kh-references\">\n    <div class=\"kh-references-title\">Sources &amp; references<\/div>\n    <ol>\n      <li>NIH HIVinfo \u2014 FDA-Approved HIV Medicines: <a href=\"https:\/\/hivinfo.nih.gov\/understanding-hiv\/fact-sheets\/fda-approved-hiv-medicines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hivinfo.nih.gov<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>DHHS \u2014 Guidelines for Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescents with HIV (Updated 2025\u20132026): <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv\/whats-new\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">clinicalinfo.hiv.gov<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>DHHS \u2014 What to Start: Initial Combination Regimens: <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv\/what-start-initial-combination-regimens\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">clinicalinfo.hiv.gov<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>DHHS \u2014 Perinatal Guidelines: <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/en\/guidelines\/perinatal\/whats-new\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">clinicalinfo.hiv.gov<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>CDC \u2014 HIV Guidelines and Recommendations: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hivnexus\/hcp\/guidelines\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cdc.gov<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>WHO \u2014 Updated Recommendations on HIV Clinical Management (Jan 2026): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/07-01-2026-who-releases-updated-recommendations-on-hiv-clinical-management\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">who.int<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>NIAID \u2014 Treatment as Prevention: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/diseases-conditions\/treatment-prevention\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">niaid.nih.gov<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>FDA \u2014 Yeztugo (Lenacapavir) PrEP Approval (Jun 2025): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gilead.com\/news\/news-details\/2025\/yeztugo-lenacapavir-is-now-the-first-and-only-fda-approved-hiv-prevention-option-offering-6-months-of-protection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gilead.com<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>Gilead Sciences \u2014 ARTISTRY Trial Results at CROI 2026: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gilead.com\/news\/news-details\/2026\/gileads-single-tablet-regimen-of-bictegravir-and-lenacapavir-maintained-virological-suppression-in-people-with-hiv-who-switched-antiretroviral-therapy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gilead.com<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>IAS-USA \u2014 Antiretroviral Drugs for Treatment and Prevention of HIV: 2024 Recommendations (JAMA, Feb 2025): <a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2827545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">jamanetwork.com<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>Ryan White HIV\/AIDS Program: <a href=\"https:\/\/ryanwhite.hrsa.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ryanwhite.hrsa.gov<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>NASTAD \u2014 ADAP Watch: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nastad.org\/adap-watch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nastad.org<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>HRSA \u2014 340B Drug Pricing Program: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrsa.gov\/opa\/eligibility-and-registration\/340b-opais\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hrsa.gov<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>HIV.gov \u2014 Ready, Set, PrEP Program: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/federal-response\/ending-the-hiv-epidemic\/prep-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hiv.gov<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>Positively Aware \u2014 Biktarvy Medicare Negotiation (Jan 2026): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.positivelyaware.com\/articles\/biktarvy-among-15-drugs-facing-medicare-price-negotiations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">positivelyaware.com<\/a><\/li>\n      <li>San Francisco AIDS Foundation \u2014 HIV Pipeline Review (Jan 2026): <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sfaf.org\/collections\/beta\/as-2026-gets-underway-whats-in-the-pipeline-for-hiv-prevention-and-treatment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sfaf.org<\/a><\/li>\n    <\/ol>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <!-- Review footer -->\n  <div class=\"kh-reviewed\">\n    <div class=\"kh-reviewed-byline\">\n      <div class=\"kh-byline-pair\">\n        <div class=\"kh-avatar kh-avatar-36\" style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dr-Neha-Mishra.jpg');\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Dr. Neha Mishra, MD\"><\/div>\n        <span>Medically reviewed by <a href=\"https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/dr-neha-mishra\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Neha Mishra, MD<\/a><\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <span class=\"kh-byline-sep\">&mdash;<\/span>\n      <div class=\"kh-byline-pair\">\n        <div class=\"kh-avatar kh-avatar-36\" style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Ray-Ashton.jpg');\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Ray Ashton\"><\/div>\n        <span>Written by <a href=\"https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/ray-ashton\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ray Ashton<\/a><\/span>\n      <\/div>\n      <span class=\"kh-byline-sep\">&mdash;<\/span>\n      <span>Updated March 2, 2026<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kh-reviewed-body\">\n      <p><strong>How we reviewed this article:<\/strong><\/p>\n      <p>Kolana Health follows strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, government agencies (FDA, CMS, HRSA, NIH, CDC), academic research institutions, and medical associations (DHHS, IDSA, IAS-USA, WHO). We prioritize primary sources \u2014 original clinical guidelines, FDA approval letters, peer-reviewed journal publications \u2014 over secondary summaries. <a href=\"https:\/\/kolanahealth.com\/editorial-policy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read our editorial policy \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n<\/div><!-- \/.kh-wrap -->\n<\/div><!-- \/.kh -->\n\n<script>\nfunction khToggleFaq(btn) {\n  var item = btn.parentElement;\n  item.classList.toggle('open');\n}\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HIV Medications: All 9 Drug Classes, Recommended Regimens &amp; Cost (2026) Medically reviewed by Dr. Neha Mishra, MD &mdash; Written [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-29","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30,"href":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29\/revisions\/30"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kalonahealth.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}